10分鐘寫作趕走考試焦慮10分鐘寫作趕走焦慮你對即將到來的測試和考試擔心嗎？ 不幸的是，在最重要測試時的壓力大的情況會使學生的表現低於他們的能力，或者說是被“噎著了”。 但在本周的《科學》雜誌中，Gerardo Ramirez 和Sian Beilock的一篇報告顯示，一種簡短的寫作練習可幫助學生們在這種情況下去除焦慮。 這些研究人員說，這種簡短的、10分鐘的考試前的干預練習可防止“噎住”並提高考試的分數，特別是對那些在測試的情況下習慣性變得焦慮的學生。 為了得到這一結論，Ramirez 和 Beilock進行了2個實驗室的試驗和2個實地試驗，在這些試驗中，一些9年級的學數學的學生被要求寫出他們對即將到來的考試的焦慮和恐懼，而另外一些學生則被要求在考試之前安靜地坐著或書寫其他不相干的與情感有關的事件。 在他們的實驗室試驗中，研究人員用有巢氏房屋不同的策略 [如金錢激勵（獎學金）、同事壓力及社會評估（分數排名）]來製造低壓和高壓處境。 在所有的情況下，那些被要求寫出他們對測試的焦慮和恐懼的學生要比那些靜坐或寫作其他東西的學生的成績要好。 這些結果在那些壓力高的處境下及那些在考試前的調查中承認緊張的學生中特別明顯。 鑒於他們的發現，研究人員提示，寫出關於一個人的擔憂可能會使那些對成功感到擔憂的學生的表現與那些在考試情況下不擔心的學生一樣，從而消除了在考試焦慮與成績之間所常見的負面的關係。 http://chinese.eurekalert.org Writing your worries away?Are you anxious about an upcoming test or exam" Unfortunately, the high-pressure situations under which most important tests occur can cause students to perform below their ability, or 太平洋房屋to "choke."But, this week in Science, a report by Gerardo Ramirez and Sian Beilock shows that a brief writing exercise can help to remove students’ anxiety from the equation. These researchers say that the brief, 10 minute pre-exam intervention can prevent choking and enhance exam scores, particularly for students who habitually become anxious in testing situations. To reach this conclusion, Ramirez and Beilock performed two laboratory and two field experiments in which some ninth-grade math students were asked to write about their anxieties and fears over an upcoming exam while others were asked to sit quietly before the exam or write about other, unrelated emotional events. 租房子During their laboratory experiments, the researchers used various devices—such as monetary incentives (to stand in for scholarships), peer pressure and social evaluations (in place of grades)—to create both low- and high-pressure testing situations. In all instances, the students who were asked to write about their anxieties and fears over the tests performed better than the students who sat quietly or wrote about something else. These results were especially pronounced in the high-pressure situations and for students who admitted they were nervous in a survey conducted before the tests. In light of their findings, the researchers suggest that writing about one’s worries 酒店兼職may allow students who are anxious about success to perform like students who do not get anxious in testing situations, eliminating the negative relationship commonly seen between test anxiety and performance. Write away your worries if you want to succeedWriting down your anxieties before a stressful situation like an exam or speech greatly boosts your performance, a new study suggests.The simple act of jotting down worries appears to clear the mind and allows it too focus on the job in hand, researchers believe. The technique is so powerful that students taking an exam showed a 20 per cent improvement in their marks if they used it just before sitting down. "People are in 租房子this stressful situation and they worry about it and the consequences," said Professor Sian Beilock at the University of Chicago . "These worries are taking up resources that should be dedicated to the task. Putting pen to paper appears to offload these worries." Prof Beilock has previously shown that pressure-filled situations can deplete a part of the brain's processing power known as working memory. Working memory is lodged in the prefrontal cortex and is a sort of mental "notepad" that allows people to "work" with information relevant to the task at hand. But the notepad can also be filled with anxieties – thus losing brain power. In order to test the theory, 房屋買賣researchers recruited 20 college students and gave them two short maths tests. On the first test, students were told simply to do their best. Before the second test, researchers created a situation designed to produce stress, by saying students who performed well would receive money and that other students were depending on their performance as part of a team effort. Students also were told that their work would be videotaped, and that maths teachers would review it. Half of the students then received 10 minutes to write expressively about their feelings about the forthcoming test, and the other half was told to sit quietly. The writing group performed significantly better 酒店打工than the control group, increasing their marks by five per cent on the first test. The non-writing group saw their marks drop by 12 per cent from the first test. "It seemed that the non-writing group suffered from choking or from what I call 'paralysis from analysis'," said Prof Beilock. "The writing group actually improved their performance." In another experiment researchers found that writing down your worries worked best in the most anxious pupils creating a "level playing field" with their more confident colleagues. Students highly anxious about taking tests who wrote down their thoughts before the test received an average grade of B+, compared with the highly 術後面膜anxious students who didn't write, who received an average grade of B-. "Writing about your worries for 10 minutes before an forthcoming exam levelled the playing field such that those students who usually get most anxious during exams were able to overcome their fears and perform up to their potential," Prof Beilock said. "In fact, we think this type of writing will help people perform their best in variety of pressure-filled situations — whether it is a big presentation to a client, a speech to an audience or even a job interview." The research mirrors previous work that has shown that writing poems, songs and journals can reduce emotional turmoil. The University of 信用貸款California found that the mere action of writing about an emotion was a way of calming down the brain and re-establishing mental balance. The study is published in the journal Science. Prof Beilock is one of America 's leading experts on "choking under pressure" — a phenomenon in which talented people perform below their skill level when presented with a particularly challenging experience. Her recently published book, Choke: What the Secrets of the Brain Reveal About Getting It Right When You Have To, gives advice on how to avoid choking in situations ranging from high-stakes exams to important business presentations and athletic competitions. Source:Write away your 婚禮顧問worries if you want to succeed - Telegraph
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